T0523 · Source transcript

หน้านี้แสดงข้อความจากไฟล์ต้นทางที่ผู้ใช้ให้ไว้เพื่อเทียบแนวคิด คำอธิบายภาษาไทยในหนังสือเป็นการเรียบเรียงใหม่ ไม่ได้แปลข้อความนี้ทั้งไฟล์

Before we start adding a file system to a disk, let's do a rundown of the components of a disk that allow you to store and retrieve files. A storage disk can be divided into something called partitions. A partition is just a piece of the disk that you can manage. When you create multiple partitions, it gives you the illusion that you're physically dividing a disk into separate disks. To add a file system to a disk, first you need to create a partition. Usually we just have a single partition for our OS but it's not uncommon to have multiple partitions for different uses. Let's say you want to have two partitions on a disk. One for a Windows OS and one for Linux OS. Instead of using two machines to use both operating systems, you can just use one machine and switch between the two OSs on boot up. You can also add different file systems on different partitions of the same disk. Partitions essentially act as their own separate sub disks but they all use the same physical disk. One thing to call out is that when you format a file system on a partition, it becomes a volume. Volume and partition are sometimes mistakenly used synonymously. But we want to make sure that you understand this distinction. The other component of a disk is a partition table. A partition table tells the OS how the disc is partitioned. The table will tell you which partitions you can boot from, how much space is allocated to partition, etc. There are two main partition table schemes that are used. MBR or master boot record and GPT or GUID partition table. These schemes decide how to structure the information on partitions. MBR is a traditional partition table and it's mostly used in the Windows OS. MBR only lets you have volumes sizes of two terabytes or less. It also uses something called primary partitions. You can only have four primary partitions on a disk. If you want to add more, you have to take a primary partition and make it into something known as an extended partition. Inside the extended partition, you can then make something called a logical partition. It's a little odd to get it first but that's just how the partition table was created. MBR is an old standard. It's slowly being faded out by the next partition table scheme, we'll talk about GPT. GPT is becoming the new standard for disks. You can have a volume size greater than two terabytes and it only has one type of partition. You can make as many of them as you want in a disk. In an earlier lesson, we learned about a new bios standard called UEFI. That's become the default bios for new systems. To use UEFI booting, your disk has to use the GUID partition table. Now that you know what you need to do to make a partition, what's partitioning an actual disk? The next few lessons, we're going to learn how to partition and format a USB drive for each respective OS.

3.Operating Systems and You Becoming a Power User